Monetizing Social Media

I came across this article the other day that talked asked people who they thought would be the first social media site to monetize. From looking at the poll and reading the comments, the results were rather varied. But one result did surprise me: the fact that the post, the poll, nor the comments even once mentioned that these sites shouldn't monetize. It seems there's an underlying assumption within the social media sphere, that to be a successful social media hub one must turn massive user participation into money. Even while writing this blog I look up and there's a tab called "monetize." This sits uneasy with me. Firstly, I tend to lean towards a utopic cyberculture perspective in which the internet is run free from corporate control. I think this is especially important because corporate control can lead to censorship. Have we not learned anything from the concentration of corporate control in the traditional mass media? Secondly, I feel that even if these sites do monetize, there will always exist a free alternative for people who don’t feel they need to pay for such services. The open -source movement has always been about internet with control; it’s likely that they would immediately start creating free alternatives. So I ask you, would you pay to use Facebook? Twitter? MySpace?

Kickflipping Media Convergence

This week in class we’ll be talking about media convergence, but my mind keeps thinking back to the whole idea of infrastructure in social media.

One of the ideas behind media convergence is that we will be using “all kinds of media in relation to one another.” This is very easy to see happening with electronics. For example, many of us watch our TV shows on our computer. Things like torrents and streaming video sites like Hulu have allowed us to watch our favourite shows online rather than on the Television itself. Or take texting - you can send me an e-mail or Facebook message that will be sent to my phone. These examples lend us the appearance that media convergence is an upward progression, that new forms of communication are built upon the infrastructure of old forms.

Another result of media convergence is that information gathering is becoming increasingly personalized. In fact, personalization is essential to successful online information sources. Not only does the nature of the web (instant access and hyperlinks to an endless amount of information) allow us to easily jump to and from any topic of potential interest, but websites are now allowing increasing control of content. On sites like Digg and Facebook you can customize what information you see and on news-sites like New York Times you can subscribe to individual sections’ RSS feeds. You can even subscribe to Google News and aggregate individualized news into one simple and clean page.

Time magazine have realized that news-gathering is becoming increasingly more personalized and in doing so are flipping on its head the idea that media convergence is an upward progression. They’re taking an idea born out of the collision between information gathering and the nature of the web (RSS Feeds) and applying it to an older form of communication...nay, an older medium - the medium of print.

Thus far, personalized news has been limited to the Internet, but Time Inc. is bringing it to the printed word with mine, a five-issue, 10-week, experimental magazine that allows readers to select five Time Warner/American Express Co. magazines that Time editors will combine into a personalized magazine with 56 possible combinations.

I’m torn between thinking that the nature of old-mass media - the top down distribution of information - is essentially conducive to print, thus rendering Time’s experiment futile, and thinking that this idea of customizable information, since the “natives” of the digital age have adapted to it, will find its way into print communication. Traditional mass-media sources have already adapted to the personalization approach; maybe they’ll take their success with customization approaches and apply it back to the mediums of communication that predate the internet. Just look at the success of TiVO and it’s hard not to see how this won’t become the norm.

Facebook the New Twitter? Nawwwww

There was a presentation last week in class on the infrastructure behind social media. I found this article rather suiting as it indirectly focused on the infrastructures behind Twitter and Facebook. As many of you have noticed, Facebook made some changes to their home page. These changes aren’t just visual - much has to do with their function. These changes are,

“meant to change how Facebook users share and follow information, creating a new home page that will show users what their networks have been up to and make those exchanges more current -- news-feeds will now update in near real time, vs. every 10 minutes.”

Wow. Talk about trying to mimic Twitter. As it turns out, this exactly what they’re trying to do, and no wonder, since news about Twitter has been abuzz lately.

“The moves are a "concerted response to the rise of Twitter as a real-time message broadcasting system that goes beyond members' personal circle of friends," wrote Erick Schonfeld on TechCrunch. "Facebook doesn't want Twitter to become the way large companies and public figures connect to fans."”

So the question is:

Will it work?

Firstly, I think anything that Facebook changes to real-time will be of benefit to them. The internet has always been about immediacy, and just as the universe will always expand, the net will get faster and faster. Social media has followed a similar pattern. If one accepts this claim then it follows that what Facebook did was adhere to a most basic function of the internet.

Although Facebook has made their site more functional by coming close to capturing the purpose of Twitter, I don’t think it will do significant harm to Twitter. The Infrastructure of Twitter is built upon a very simple notion - sharing what you’re doing with others. A result of this sharing of activity comes the sharing of self with others. Facebook, on the other hand, is firstly about sharing yourself - what you’re doing comes as a result of this. If Facebook aims to capture Twitter’s audience then I think they might be jeopardizing the focus of their site.

For example, Facebook is centralized on the internet, while Twitter expands over other mediums. Although Facebook allows people access from smart phones, Twitter can work on even the most basic phones, as its all about the 140 line question "what are you doing." Because of this, Twitter never needs to be compressed. Facebook always loses value as it shrinks to smaller mediums.

What do you think?

Content Analysis of Hackbloc

Upon hearing that our class had to visit Hackbloc and analyze it within the framework of social media, I took a few hours to not only look at the site itself, but also the sites it linked to. By looking at what other websites, organizations, and movements that Hackbloc supports, we can gain a good understanding of where their interests lie. First I want to give a brief description of Hackbloc from my initial observations and then use Pierre Levy’s six planks of hacker ethic as a springboard into talking about Hackbloc and the sites it links to.

By brief description I mean brief description. On Hackbloc they’re definitely not “just” hackers or just “technophiles;” they actively pursue, participate in, and disseminate information revolving around Hacktivism, which is described by Wikipedia as electronic direct action working toward social change by combining programming skills with critical thinking.

Pierre Levy’s “six planks of hacker ethic.”


1. Access to computers should be unlimited:
Although I don’t see this explicitly stated on the site, everything else they strive to promote could not be done unless computers were commonplace. In fact, this first plank of hacker ethic is outdated. Information is not only accessed through computers but all types of mobile communication devices. The real world political action tool they employ, entitled Tapatio, relies on members to use mobile devices to provide instant feedback and reports. Also, their underlying support for the open source movement is no doubt driven by this ideal.


2. All Information should be free:
They see the internet as the beacon of free information for all. This is why they actively condemn any form of censorship or control on the internet and actually help develop tools and programs so that people can keep their internet secure, private, and open to all information. The fact that they support the open source movement, on the grounds that open source software is free, solidifies their conformity to this plank of hacker ethic.


3. Mistrust authorities and promote decentralization:
One only has to look at three of the points on their “points of unity” to see their support for this goal.
- Reject all forms of domination and oppression.
- Actively confront censorship and oppression whether it occurs online or in the physical world.
- Engage in creative and traditional direct action to advance struggles for liberation.

They even state that part of their mission is to “ research, create and disseminate information, tools, and tactics that empower people to use technology in a way that is liberating.”
As you can see, the word liberation appears often on the site, as does anarchy.


4. Hackers should be judged by own prowess rather than formal organization:
As this applies specifically to “hacking” it doesn’t appear much on the site. However, while reading through several weeks of their blog posts I saw several posts that gave “hacker cred” to people who had broken into servers. The nature of a group they support, and likely participate in, called Anonymous is specifically about no “formal organization” - everyone remains completely anonymous. I wonder if there emerges an ethical dilemma among Anonymous members who want “hacker cred” for what they accomplished under the banner of Anonymous. On the one hand they support Anonymous because it emphasises security from authorities, while on the other hand much of why they enjoy hacking in the first place is for “hacker cred.”


5. One can create art and beauty on a computer:
No where on the site did I find an example of this, no matter how far I expanded the definition. In fact, judging by the design of the site I don’t think they tend to care much about art in its traditional sense. Maybe beauty is just code and I am only looking at what is on the surface of this code.


6. Computers can change lives for the better:
Again, the use of only the term computers renders this plank rather outdated, but its message still remains. I think it can be updated to say something more along the lines of "technology can change lives for the better."

In Hackbloc’s mission it states that they want to “empower people to use technology in a way that is liberating.” Everything they support from anarchy to open source software suggests that not only do most things they participate in revolve around the use of technology, but if it doesn’t they find a way to use technology to achieve their goals. For example, the support for Anarchy isn’t necessarily relegated to people who believe that technology can change the world, but Hackbloc goes ahead in promoting it - partly due to the dialectic between freedom of information and anarchy - through the use of hacking and coding, and using both to form real-life activism.

Not stemming from early hacker culture, I found several other more modern hacktivist minded views on the site.

For one, they’re nerdy/geeky. Although hackers could be said to be this to begin with, Hackbloc takes it to the next level by sharing links to sites like i09 which writes mostly about science fiction and nerd culture. There is a large subculture online that shares interests in technology, science fiction, and progressivism. This subculture dominates sites like Digg and Reddit, and Hacktivism is definitely a subculture of this subculture.

Progressivism is dominate on Hackbloc as well, which is echoed in their cosmopolitan, anti-racist, anti-xenophobic, anti-nationalist, anti-homophobic points of unity.